Covid-19: confinamiento y protestas en Europa

Escrito por: Santiago Zelada

Diversos países europeos retoman las medidas restrictivas, el confinamiento y el toque de queda para evitar una devastadora segunda ola del coronavirus. Sin embargo, no todos los ciudadanos están de acuerdo con lo decretado por sus gobiernos y ha desencadenado en disturbios masivos.

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España

El 31 de octubre las protestas se concentraron mayormente en Madrid. Esta fue la respuesta por parte de algunos españoles disidentes. Hasta aquellas fechas los datos oficiales emitidos por el Ministerio de Sanidad eran de 1.185.678 afectados por el COVID-19 y 35.878 fallecidos desde el inicio de la pandemia. Hubo aproximadamente 60 detenidos y once agentes heridos, producto de las movilizaciones.

Numerosos manifestantes corearon «¡Libertad!» e incendiaron contenedores de basura y erigieron barricadas en Gran Vía, la principal arteria de la capital, según imágenes compartidas en las redes sociales. También se produjeron altercados en Málaga (sur) y Barcelona (noreste). Según la policía, 32 personas fueron detenidas.

Actualmente, el toque de queda nocturno es a nivel nacional, excepto en Canarias, aunque cada territorio adelanta o retrasa el inicio: el término de este es a las 06:00 de la mañana y es igual para todo el país. Además, algunos lugares Castilla y León, Cataluña y Asturias han cerrado bares y restaurantes. En otras como Aragón se ha optado por adelantar incluso más el horario de cierre de estos negocios a las 20:00 horas.

Francia

Emmanuel Macron anunció un nuevo periodo de confinamiento nacional hace una semana. Esto también generó una reacción violenta por una parte de la población.

Por el momento los franceses pueden salir de casa en determinados supuestos: comprar productos esenciales, ir a trabajar, llevar a los menores a clase y salir a pasear o hacer deporte una hora al día, no más lejos de un kilómetro de su residencia.

Todos los comercios no esenciales, en los que se incluyen bares y restaurantes, quedan clausurados como mínimo hasta diciembre, cuando acabará el confinamiento si los indicadores de la pandemia se han reducido lo suficiente. Siguen abiertas las guarderías, colegios e institutos, pero las universidades han pasado a la modalidad online.

Italia

El primer ministro italiano, Giuseppe Conte, anunció este lunes la aprobación de nuevas medidas. Entre las mismas se recoge el toque de queda nocturno, que hasta ahora no estaba vigente, pero del que se desconoce qué trecho horario abarcará. Esto complementa al cierre adelantado de hostelería a las 18:00 horas y a la prohibición de reuniones sociales en lugares públicos.

Alemania

Desde el 2 de noviembre entraron en vigencia las restricciones aprobadas por la canciller alemana, Angela Merkel, y los líderes de los 16 länder. Bares, restaurantes, gimnasios, cines y teatros permanecerán cerrados durante todo este mes. Esta medida es momentánea y está planeado compensar económicamente a todos estos negocios. Los comercios, guarderías y colegios continúan abiertos. Además se limitan a diez los asistentes en las reuniones sociales.

Portugal

El accionar del gobierno de turno afecta a dos tercios de la población del país. En este caso existen particularidades, ya que se recomienda el confinamiento domiciliario; es decir, salir solo para trabajar y comprar productos necesarios. Los bares y restaurantes permanecen abiertos aunque tienen que dejar sus operaciones  a las 22:30 horas, mientras que los negocios no esenciales lo hacen a las 22:00. De la misma forma quedan limitadas a cinco personas las celebraciones y se prohíben los mercados y ferias.

Reino Unido

Boris Johnson, primer ministro británico, informó a sus ciudadanos acerca del confinamiento domiciliario que durará hasta el 2 de diciembre. Esto provocó disturbios en pleno corazón de Londres.

Los manifestantes gritaban «libertad«, mientras la policía trataba de dispersarlos y procedía a numerosos arrestos. En el país con más muertos de Europa por la pandemia, casi 48.000, los sondeos indican que la población apoya globalmente el cierre de todos los comercios no esenciales, pero la inquietud aumenta sobre su impacto económico.

Aparte de las salidas permitidas para trabajos estrictamente presenciales y comprar productos esenciales, se puede salir una hora al día para caminar o hacer ejercicio y estar en contacto con una persona no conviviente.

El primer ministro Boris Johnson salió a la palestra para repetir que los comercios podrán volver a abrir antes de Navidad, en un intento de calmar los ánimos.

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